A Glucose Tolerance Test ( Gtt ) - 1675 Words

Introduction A glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a test that is used by clinical physicians to measure the body s efficiency at metabolizing sugar (Aydan et al., 2010). When the body metabolizes sugar, it essentially breaks it down to use for energy. If the body does not metabolize sugar as well as it should, diabetes may be the resulting to this (Aydan et al., 2010). The GTT can be used to detect type 2-diabetes, which is the most frequently diagnosed type of diabetes. It is also used to diagnose gestational diabetes, which is a type of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy (Metzger et al., 2010). The clinical medical scientists or physicians perform a glucose tolerance test to check for problems with the way a person s body handles glucose, which is blood sugar, after the person has consumed a meal (Aydan et al., 2010). In preparation for the test, patients are typically asked to avoid eating and drinking anything for about eight hours prior to the test, although they should consume their no rmal diet up until the beginning of the eight-hour fasting period (Aydan et al., 2010). Frequently, GTTs are scheduled for first thing in the morning; allowing patients to fast overnight while they are sleeping (Aydan et al., 2010). Clinical physicians perform the glucose tolerance test in several steps (Morikawa et al., 2010). As the first step, patient s blood is taken (Metzger et al., 2010). A medical professional may either use a needle to take blood from a vein or use aShow MoreRelatedIs Withaferin A, A Magic Bullet For Metabolic Syndrome?1435 Words   |  6 PagesLPS induced lung injury etc 31-34. Recently, Withaferin A also reported as a ligand for nuclear receptor LXR-ÃŽ ±35. This LXR-ÃŽ ± is a well-known nuclear receptor with various functions in metabolism and diseases including cholesterol, fatty acid, and glucose homeostasis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 36-40. Here, Withaferin A may regulate all these functions by inducing or suppressing genes through this nuc lear receptor mediated transcriptional activation 41-43. All these properties of WithaferinRead MoreEssay on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)2085 Words   |  9 PagesGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an intolerance of glucose documented for the first time during pregnancy. It is usually a short-term type of diabetes and the most common health problem with pregnant women. GBM is caused by the way the hormones in pregnancy affect the mother. GDM accounts for 5-7% of all pregnancies (American Diabetes Association, 2010). During pregnancy the placenta develops and becomes the main bond between the mother and the baby. It is used to make sure the baby hasRead MoreA Common Condition Raising Serious Concerns Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesWiznitzer, 2010; Erem, Kuzu, Deger Can, 2015). Normal blood glucose levels are maintained by glucagon and insulin. The pancreas houses small clusters of endocrine cells known as the pancreatic islet. Each pancreatic isle is primarily com posed of alpha cells that secrete glucagon and beta cells that secrete insulin (McKinley). Glucagon is a polypeptide comprised of amino acids and a hyperglycaemic agent. Apon glucagon’s release, an influx of glucose from the liver into the blood is stimulated, raising theRead More Diabetes Essay example2588 Words   |  11 Pagesthat are produced by the body regardless of how much liquid is consumed. Diabetes mellitus results from the production of insufficient amounts of insulin by the pancreas. Without insulin the body cannot utilize glucose, thus creating a high level of glucose in the blood and a low level of glucose absorption by the tissues. Diabetes mellitus is generally divided into two categories: type I called insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes and type II in which the onset of the diabetes occurs during adulthoodRead MoreA Brief Article On Ovary Syndrome ( Pcos )1654 Words   |  7 PagesSome blood tests are also suggested but they are not good indicators of the diagnosis of the polycystic ovary syndrome. The ratio of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) to FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) is greater than 1:1 as tested on the third day of menstruation. Among the obese women the levels of the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is generally low. Fasting biochemical screening and lipid profiling of the individual can be carried out while searching for this syndrome. A 2-hour oral glucose toleranceRead MoreGestational Diabetes2586 Words   |  11 Pagesdiabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Ninety percent of those diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy will resolve after delivery (Scollan-Koliopoulos, Guadagno, Walker, 2006). Pregnancy causes estrogen, progesterone and human placental lactogen to become elevated which provokes malfunctioning insulin, which can lead to insulin resistance and decreased cellular glucose uptake. The growing placenta causes the productionRead MoreProviding Health Care For A Rural Village1762 Words   |  8 Pagesfor an established patient, level 3, requiring approximately 15 minutes with a doctor, was $104. The average total paid was $69. Some more examples: a flu vaccine incurred an average charge of $25; a cholesterol test has an average submitted charge of $72; and a glucose tolerance test (GTT) has a submitted charge of $60.† These may not come directly out of pocket money costs since insurance pays for it, but one still has to pay the insurance. We pay for our services indirectly. That is a whole lotRead MoreMy Continuity Case Woman Who Was Clinically Obese At The Time Of Booking2166 Words   |  9 Pages(QEH) the policy to be referred for consultant care has changed to a BMI over 35 (from previously a BMI of 30). Therefore this woman would not be referred initially for consultant care; however, woman with a BMI over 30 will be offered a Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) at 28 weeks; if this comes back indicating gestational diabetes, she would then become consultant care. Consultant care at the QEH involves being offered additional scans in order to check the baby’s growth at 32-35 weeks; due to maternalRead MoreCase Study for Chf7166 Words   |  29 Pages | | | |10.) Coping and Stress |She said that the most stressful event|She was now bothered on how she can |It is normal in our life to have | |Tolerance |in her life was her condition today |manage and deal to have a good |stress but it is important to | | |because it affects her emotional |health. But in spite of it, she tries|overcomeRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pagesthat she has been working hard for the last 3 months to control her type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with diet and exercise. To determine the effectiveness of the client s efforts, the nurse should check A. urine glucose level. B. fasting blood glucose level. C. serum fructosamine level. D. glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb) level. 29. A client with a myocardial infarction (MI) develops pulmonary crackles and dyspnea. A chest X-ray shows evidence of pulmonary edema. The specific type of

How Technology Has Changed The Family Life - 916 Words

In this paper I will be clarifying how technology play both a positive and negative part in the family life. Alongside the amount of computers and mobile devices have changed the Family Life. I will clarify how computers open the ways to unending access to the world. This flexibility however accompanies a cost. One must understand that you will be losing family and friend time, relationships, and experiences. At this moment you can for all intents and purposes do all that you have to do right from your own PC. There are such a large number of apparatuses to work with and things you are fit for doing. You can for all intents and purposes converse with anybody anyplace whenever in the event that they have the best possible hook ups. This likewise incorporates the recently on-line dating benefits that has upsides and downsides of its own. Another in addition to for PCs is rather than the children being stuck to the TV for quite a long time, they are presently being productive on the computer. They are doing things that constrain their psyches to continue thinking and not simply daydreaming. The acquaintance of PCs with the family life additionally offers families some assistance with coming together and hang out. The rundown can go on, however with every one of these open doors we have, we additionally lose a great deal. People invest more energy with technology than they invest time with their own families. Technology helps us in our everyday activities. Be that as it may,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact of Technology on Family Time1623 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact of technology on family time Do you think technology has changed the way of communication? Is technology slowly taking over people live and affecting their personal relationship? Have we become addicted to the technology that surrounds us everyday and it has sucked us into it? Technology is a use of scientific knowledge for improving the way to do things. It has been playing an important role in our life. It is common today, many developed countries are using high technology to run theirRead MoreHow Has the Nature of Family Life Changed in Australia over the Past 50 Years and What Impact Has This Had on Australian Society ?1026 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 14 2013 How has the nature of family life changed in Australia over the past 50 years and what impact has this had on Australian society ? Society and culture The nature of family life in Australias has changed over the past 50 years mainly due to advances in technology, changes in gender roles and also because of who has power and authority in todays modern families. As a result of these changes, Australias society has been impacted in many ways. For example, there has been an increaseRead MoreThe Impact of Technology on Todays Society Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Technology In Today’s Society â€Å"How has technology changed our lives?† Throughout the years we have been experiencing a dramatic change in the world of technology. IPhone’s, Blackberries, and laptops are becoming an important part of our daily lives. We are all so dependent on these devices that sometimes we treat them as if it is part of our family. Technology has become a priority for many people, and it is likely that people with choose technology over many other thingsRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Today s Society862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Rapid Change in Technology According to Mail Online, the average person looks at their phone approximately 110 times a day. Whether it is to check a message, make a call, or check the time, 110 times a day seems a bit excessive. Primarily starting in the 1980s, technology has changed dramatically and rather quickly. It has changed from telephones to cell phones, computers to laptops, emailing to text messaging, CD players to iPod, and cable television to Smart TVs; technology is rapidly improvingRead MoreTechnology and Social Change in Healthcare1606 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology and Social Change in Healthcare Today there are many technologies that have provided change in our social environments. For example, we have access to laptop/computers, the Internet, cell phones, and android pads. This is beneficial because we can use the Internet to obtain information almost instantly to assist in research and education as well as staying in communication with friends and family. I believe that every household should have access to these technologies but due to socioeconomicRead MoreSmartphones Are Changing Our Future Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pageslittle over 200 years later. The introduction of the telephone to homes changed the manner in which society communicated. Gone were the days where one had write a letter, or go to see a neighbour, simply to communicate. The social change was much greater than technology behind the telephone itself; it changed the landscape of communication. As the telephone progressed into a rotary dial telephone, then to push button technology, the means of communica tion did not change much from then, until the inventionRead MoreThe Surrender Of Culture And Technology Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is a neutral tool that does not shape what humans desire, it solely allows people to fulfill their desires. If the main human desires are remaining constant and only the ways in which humans express themselves is changing due to technological advances, then technology does not alter human values and desires in a significant way. In the book Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology, Postman explains the evolution of human dependency on technology. He starts with the tool-usingRead MoreThe History of Chemistry: Apple Computers Essay776 Words   |  4 PagesBefore the age of Apple Technologies, Pcs and androids were the most popular items on the market, and that soon changed once Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak introduced their new toy to the public. Their â€Å"toy† will change the world forever weather they knew it or not. Apple Computer first came to be a company in 1976. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak worked extremely hard on their new inventions. These two intelligent men dropped out of college, and were often judged upon doing so. Apple officially startedRead MoreTechnology and Social Change924 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology and Social Change Page 1 Leslie Chappell SOC/100 University of Phoenix 03/28/2016 Technology and Social Change Page 2 Americans are faced with increasing change of technology in everyday life. Most of the time, the change happens, and we dont realize how it affects our lives. I remember talking to my grandparents about their younger years; it made me realize how technology changes from generation to generation. Technology is scientific knowledgeRead MoreThe Influence Of The Internet On Society901 Words   |  4 Pagessociety has benefited from the advancement in technology. For example the wheel made it easier to travel long distances with heavy items and the invention of antibiotics saved millions of lives from infections. Today, technology is used on a regular basis, from the cars that we use to drive to work, to the electricity that powers our tv, radio, and lights. By looking at what we have accomplished, technology has greatly influenced society. If you were to ask me what piece of technology has greatly

Jfk Was His Assassination Inevitable (2451 words) Essay Example For Students

Jfk: Was His Assassination Inevitable? (2451 words) Essay Jfk: Was His Assassination Inevitable?A popular misconception is that President John F. Kennedys assassination was an isolated event perpetrated by one man. This could not be farther from the truth. Instead, it was the result of a complex combination of domestic and foreign events. When President Kennedy was in office, he had to deal with many issues, ranging from business and finance to crime-fighting and war issues. Perhaps it is not as important to decide who it was that killed him, but why. President Kennedys decisions and courses of action were not popular with everybody, and thus it is not surprising that his assassination was inevitable. The people who might have wanted John F. Kennedy dead can be classified into the following groups: Russians, Cubans, Mobsters (Organized Crime/Mafia), Special Agents (CIA), G-men (J. Edgar Hoovers FBI), Rednecks and Oilmen (Right-wing Extremists), and the MIC (Military Industrial Complex). Each group had its own motives for killing John F. Ken nedy. Many of these groups that wanted JFK dead are very closely intertwined, so in order to understand each group, they will each be analyzed seperately. In order to better understand the relationship between JFK, the Cubans and Russians, several important events must be mentioned and discussed. Two of the most important foreign affairs in Kennedys presidency were the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis. During Eisenhowers administration, Cuba was torn apart by revolution. The Cuban dictator, Batista, was an extremely corrupt man. While he was enjoying a luxurious life, the people of Cuba were in poverty. Thus it was not surprising when a rebellion, led by a man named Fidel Castro, took place. Batista, knowing that the majority of Cuba wanted him out, chose to flea rather than be caught and face execution. Once Batista was out of the way, Cuba was Castros for the taking. One of the first actions Castro took while in charge of Cuba was to close down all casinos. The people running them were either imprisoned or deported. Exploitation of Cuban workers by American was unacceptable to Castro, and he took immediate action against this. He believed American capitalists were taking advantage of the Cubans. Angered by this aggressive attitude toward American interests, the United States government established a trade embargo, hoping the Cuban people would overthrow Castro and reinstate a more American friendly leader. With a starving population on one side, and a broken economy on the other, Castro turned to Russia for help. Since Russia did not own any land or power in the US/Cuban region, Castro offered the Russians a chance to extend their sphere of influence. An opportunity which was not refused. Of course, the American government did not accept this situation readily. A plan to train and arm Cuban exiles who would return to Cuba to overthrow Castro was contrived. This secret operation was viewed as far less dangerous than a direct invasion by American troops. As the election of 1960 approached, the CIA had already made plans to overthrow Castro with the Cuban exiles. However, to the surprise of just about everyone, a young John F. Kennedy defeated favorite Richard Nixon by the slimmest of margins. Nonetheless, the invasion had to go on. The plan was to bomb Cubas airfields to prevent the Cuban military from killing the invading exiles. However, two things went wrong in the invasion. First, the CIA underestimated the Cuban army, and second, the airstrips were not all taken out, allowing the Cuban airforce to retaliate. Upon hearing news of this, the CIA told Kennedy that in order to succeed the US must provide air coverage for the exiles. Kennedy refused however, believing it would be foolish to provoke a crisis with the Soviets just in order to aid the exiles. Due to this, the exiles were given no chance and were quickly demolished, and the invasion had failed. Now that Castro knew the United States intentions, he knew he was in immediate danger. Once again, he turned to Russia for aid. Castro realized the only way to assert his safety was to defend himself, and what he did was a very strategic move. He asked Russia to send nuclear missiles to Cuba, saying to the US that any more attempted invasions of Cuba would exact their price. For years now, the US was sending nuclear missiles to friendly countries around Russia in order to halt any Russian expansionism, and the Russians were more than eager to return the favor. This led to what is now known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. On October 16, 1962 Kennedy called his closest advisors to the White House. The CIA had verified that nuclear missiles were indeed present in Cuba, Kennedy had to react fast. He eventually decided to launch a naval blockade to prevent any further missiles from entering Cuba. Though threatened by Russian Prime-Minister Nikita Khruschev Kennedy would not let this disturb him, and he did not stop the naval blockade. The Russian ships eventually returned home, with nuclear war being narrowly averted. Geology 10 EssayMany researchers believe this was the final straw for the MIC, if he were to now withdraw from Vietnam, their profits would be damaged substantially. It is important to note the actual amount of money the MIC had to gain if troops did stay in Vietnam. Estimated figures ranged in billions, even trillions of dollars. To have Kennedy re-elected in the election of 1964 would be disastrous the MIC. Would it sound ludicrous at all if the MIC killed Kennedy if the gain was over a trillion dollars, and the possible loss equal to that?Another government-related group that may have wanted JFK dead was the Federal Bureau of Investigations, led by J. Edgar Hoover. The FBI was a group so powerful, it put the Secret Service to shame. If by some misfortune Kennedy were to die, the president would become Lyndon B. Johnson, one of Hoovers best friends. If indeed he did die, the combined power of the president and the Director of the FBI would have been more than enough to fabricate an investigation into Kennedys assassination. While there is no definitive proof that the FBI conspired to kill Kennedy, it would have been real easy for them to get away with it if they did commit the crime. This, coupled with Hoovers and Johnsons well-known hate for the Kennedys, causes most researchers today to consider the FBI as prime suspects. As if President Kennedy didnt have enough foreign enemies, or enemies from his own government, he also had many domestic enemies. Two of the biggest were the big businessmen and the rednecks. Both of these groups were intimidated by the Kennedy administration. Kennedy tried to find a middle road between black and white radicals. His human-rights activities earned him the hatred of all racists. And as for big business, he angered them by obliging steel manufacturers to reverse price increases, as well as introducing a tax-reform legislation that would end unfair tax practices and would abolish the profitable oil reduction allowance. International bankers were quite angered when, in the summer of 1963 Kennedy, had the Treasury Department print an excess of $4 billion in United States Notes, thus bypassing the powerful Federal Reserve System. It may be noteworthy that Lyndon B. Johnson was a strong ally of Texas oilmen who despised Kennedy, and that it was rumored that Kennedy was about to drop Johnson from the 1964 election ticket. Could big businessmen along with Lyndon B. Johnson and friend J. Edgar Hoover, who also might have wanted Kennedy dead, plotted to kill Kennedy?The last major group that would have wanted JFK out of the way was the notorious Mafia. Since its origin, it has had a heinous reputation in the United States. John F. Kennedys brother, Robert, was working as Attorney General to prosecute the Mafia, thus earning him and his brother a unpleasant reputation with them. Many crime bosses in the United States threatened the Kennedys at one point or another. The Mafia and US intelligence, as discovered by the Kennedys, had a few connections dating back all the way to World War II. While the Federal Bureau of Investigations didnt really hunt down the Mafia, the CIA actually collaborated with the Mafia on more than one occasion. Certain sources even claim that there were contacts between JFK and Sam Giancana, a Mafia boss, during Kennedys campaign for the presidency in 1960, which led to Kennedy to winning the presidency (though the veracity of these sources leaves something to be desired). However if this is true, the Mafia would definitely consider JFK and his brother going after them as a double-cross, and this would have been a more than strong enough motive for the them to kill Kennedy. It is important to note that the Mafia felt that no person was above them, that nobody is immune from their power. If the Mafia wanted Kennedy dead, and had a motiv e, is it that unlikely that they did it?The events that would have happened if Kennedy was not to be assassinated were extremely vital. Kennedy was going to remove a thousand soldiers from Vietnam by 1963, and was committed to withdraw all troops by 1965, when Lyndon B. Johnson took office, neither happened. He was going to smash the CIA into a thousand pieces, and replace J. Edgar Hoover as Director of the FBI, this didnt happen. He may have been going to drop Lyndon B. Johnson from the presidential ticket in 1964. Had he not been assassinated Johnson would have never become president. When Johnson took over, he signed NSAM 273, considered to be the opening of the Vietnam war. The commitment meant the MIC would continue to make money, and lots of it. Government

Same

Introduction The end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI one were truly a breakthrough. The rights of a number of people previously considered social outcasts were finally acknowledged, and the U.S. seemed to have proven its right to be called the land of democracy once again.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Same-Sex Marriage in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, over the past few years, the issue regarding same-sex marriage has appeared several times. Gaining their indefeasible rights and freedoms, gay people want to live their normal lives and create families. However, in most cases, the law turns into a stumbling block for gay marriages. A Brief history of the LGBT community in the USA Given the controversy of the subject, it is easy to understand why allowing homosexuals to marry has raised so many discussions and protests. Even in the USA, the place con sidered the epitome of democracy, marriages between homosexual people have been allowed only in thirteen states so far – according to the 2013 records. Only New York, Rhode Island, California, Iowa, Minnesota, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Delaware, Connecticut, Washington, Vermont, Maine and Maryland legally support marriage between gays and lesbians. Despite the fact that the movement supporting the rights of gay people started in the distant 1970s, six states still disapprove of gay marriage and keep it officially banned (). Current issues and the attitudes towards same-sex marriage As it has been stated above, only thirteen states of America approve of same-ex marriage legally. However, there is often a big gap between what has been approved of officially and what people think is right. Therefore, it will be a good idea to take a closer look at the attitudes towards the idea of legalizing same-sex marriage as an average American citizen sees it. Of course, the statistical data as an ultimate proof for either banning or allowing gay marriage provided above should be taken with a grain of salt, since this information incorporates people’s personal vision of the situation and, therefore, contains the furthest extremes. However, this statistical data still shows whether the nation is ready for such a great change as the approval of gay marriages. At present, it seems that people have adopted a more tolerant attitude towards the idea of gay people marrying. Moreover, the very concept of gay culture seems to be accepted more widely. Of course, it would be wrong to deny that narrow-minded people exist; however, more and more people have started to realize that sexual orientation is only another dimension to one’s personality and that there is nothing wrong about being homosexual.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reasons for the to pic choice and the personal relation The choice of the given topic was predetermined by a number of reasons, yet the personal ones seem to be major for me. There is no secret that the process of realizing one’s own sexuality is very complex and requires considerable time. In my high school years, I was only exploring my own self and, therefore, my own sexuality, which was, probably, why I decided that I was a lesbian. I would not say that I was shunned somehow or looked down at; however, the people around me were constantly trying to prove me that I was too young and too inexperienced to decide on my own sexual orientation, which was strange enough. Therefore, I feel that I have a strong connection to the given topic and, therefore, must research it. The significance of the issue As it has been stated above, increasingly more people are starting to consider homosexual marriages as the phenomenon that has the right to exist. Therefore, the question about the topicality and the significance of the issue might be raised. Seeing how the gay culture is starting to be accepted snot only statewide, but also nationwide, one might think that there are no more issues to be concerned about. The aforementioned attitude, however, is wrong. Gay marriages are still banned in most of the United States, and, therefore, the rights of homosexual people remain infringed (Williams, 2011). Moreover, a number of people still fear and, thus, tend to ostracize homosexual people, protesting against giving them the same rights as the rest of the U.S. people have, not to mention the right to marry and bring up children. It can be assumed that with the statewide adoption of the law that will allow gay people to marry, a number of things are going to be changed, starting from the attitude towards gay people. At present, the latter are alienated from the rest of the population. Though, partially, the gay people have also something to do with the given situation, being unwilling to ta lk about their orientation or to insist on equal rights, it still must be admitted that it is mostly the ignorance of an average U.S. citizen to blame for the current state of affairs. To accept the gay culture, people have to see that their families are not that different from the ones of the homosexual people. However, the law banning marriage between people of the same sex stands in the way of gay people finally getting their rights.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Same-Sex Marriage in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Major concepts and sociological factors When tackling the issue of homosexual marriage, one must mention that it has to deal with a number of related concepts. To start with, the fact that same-sex marriages are prohibited in most states of the USA raises the question concerning tolerance. While the nation seems well past the aggressive outbursts against hom osexual people, ripping the latter of their right to have a family can be considered an infringement of people’s indisputable rights. The legal aspect also needs a proper mentioning when talking about gay marriage. While gay marriage can and, quite honestly, must be seen as an indisputable right of homosexual people, it is still necessary to admit that legally, the procedure in question cannot be considered marriage. Since by definition, marriage is a bond between a man and a woman, technically, the procedure of two same-sex people becoming legally bond cannot be called marriage until the definition of the latter is changed. Therefore, the problem of definition comes along with the social and political issues (Baskerville, 2006). Speaking of the political aspect of gay marriage, the phenomenon of family must be considered closer. It is necessary to admit that social approval of the institution of family comes not only from the desire to make people’s lives complete and decent, but from the fact that family as a social institution allows for a better control over the population, stronger social structure and an efficient social hierarchy (Ryan, 2009). As an institution, a family serves as a perfect way to help people get their priorities straight. Therefore, once shaken, this institution will no longer be as efficient as it is now, which must be the prospect that scares authorities the most. With that being said, it must be admitted that the loss of control over most social processes is the key problem that prevents state authorities approve of gay marriage. Making such a controversial issue as marriage between homosexual people legitimate, the state authorities are most likely to lose the trust of a considerable number of people, which must be why gay marriage still remains banned in thirty-seven states.  Eventually, the concept of religion must be brought up, since it raises the greatest controversy and contributes to fueling the conflict. Sum mary, Conclusion and Recommendations With that being said, it must be admitted that gay people are yet to fight for their rights. While legally, allowing marriage between homosexuals follows the principles of democracy, religious and social aspects together with the lack of tolerance and the unwillingness to accept homosexuality as a norm will not let same-sex marriages become a reality.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The given state of affairs is, doubtlessly, deplorable; as the citizens of the USA, American homosexual people have the right to have their own families. Nevertheless, the government of most of the U.S. states tends to avoid solving the use. The hesitation or, in some cases, outright denial of the state authorities to authorize same-sex marriages is quite understandable, though. Once allowing for a bill as controversial as same-sex marriage to be passed, local authorities are more than likely to lose the support of a number of citizens, not to mention the church. In addition, the reconsideration of the definition of marriage will lead to shaking the basic principles of society, which is far too dangerous to undertake. Anyway, a reasonable compromise must be found, since the current banning of homosexual marriage can be viewed as the infringement of people’s rights and freedom of choice. Reference List Baskerville, S. (2006). Politics and same-sex marriage. Society, 44(1), 60à ¢â‚¬â€œ66. Ryan, P. J. (2009). Here’s your ‘traditional marriage.’ The Gay Lesbian Review  Worldwide, 16(6), 25. Williams, R. (2011). Same-sex marriage and equality. Ethical theory and Moral Practice,  14(5), 589–595. This research paper on Same-Sex Marriage in the United States of America was written and submitted by user Hayleigh S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Same Introduction Marriage has been regarded as one of the most important social institutions in the society. This is because it forms the basis of organization in any given society. â€Å"Marriage refers to an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found† (Dziengel, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Same-Sex Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Marriage is treated quite differently depending on the norms and values that exist in a given society. The current society is experiencing many social changes, which have influenced the nature of relationships among human beings. Marriage has also been affected by these social changes. Same Sex Unions Marriage is today very dynamic and people treat it differently from what it used to be in the past. Same sex unions are becoming popular in many countries and they are quite prevalent in European countries as compared to other places. Same sex marriage is commonly known as gay marriage. â€Å"It refers to a legally or socially recognized marriage between two persons of the same biological sex or social gender† (Goldberg, 2010). History of Same Sex Unions â€Å"Various types of same sex marriages have existed, ranging from informal, unsanctioned relationships to highly ritualized unions† (Haider Joslyn, 2008). The early practice of this type of marriage was witnessed when Emperor Nero married a man who was serving as a servant in his Roman Empire. Apart from Rome, this practice occurred in China during the Ming Dynasty and also in Spain. This type of marriage had very bad reputation and it was strongly rejected by many individuals and countries. â€Å"This attitude has been changing in the past few decades† (Haider Joslyn, 2008). The twenty first century has witnessed a drastic change in the way people perceive this type of relationship. Netherlands in the year 2001 emerged to be the first country to allow gay relationships. In 2003 the government of Belgium accepted this type of union. In 2005 both Canada and Spain formally accepted gay marriages. In 2006 the people of South African were allowed to practice gay marriages. Sweden allowed it in 2009. Last year, Argentina, Iceland and Portugal also accepted this kind of relationship. In Mexico it is legalized but with some restrictions in the sense that it can only be practiced within the city of Mexico. However, all Mexican states acknowledge it.Advertising Looking for critical writing on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Israel does not recognize same sex marriages performed on its territory, but recognizes same sex marriages performed in foreign jurisdiction† (Ronner, 2005). Apart form South Africa, other African countrie s still remain conservative and they are not willing to accept this relationship. â€Å"In the United States, although same sex marriages are not recognized federally, same sex couples can marry in five states and one district† (Smith, 2010). Debate on Gay Marriage Opposing Arguments The subject of gay marriage has been seriously debated in many places. This issue has been discussed both in religious and political circles. The following arguments have been used to reject gay marriage. The general question is that why should people practice this kind of relationship? This is what the majority of people opposed to it seem to be asking whenever this issue is raised in any discussion. This people contend that legal relationships are only those between men and women. Hence they do not see the sense of people engaging in any other type of intimate relationship (Ronner, 2005). Marriage is often seen as a religious rite and in this case people look at it from the religious perspectiv e. They therefore believe that if gay marriage is legitimized it would undermine the religious principles. This is because religion has always been used to sanctify marriages (Farrior, 2009). The dignity of the church has been affected because of the different attitudes adopted by religious leaders on this matter. Some churches are likely to get split because they cannot come to an agreement on how to handle this issue. This has adversely affected their capacity to spread the gospel. Some members of the church have even lost their faith and trust in religion because they do not agree with the church leaders who support this kind of relationship. For example, the Anglican Church members and their leaders have been arguing about gay marriages. Since some of them support it, they have now formed a separate church. The Catholic Church has also had the same problem. Some Catholic monks have also been accused of child molestation and this has really affected their reputation. Marriage is naturally understood as an institution for raising children. Same sex marriages do not give children an opportunity to have a good development. â€Å"In this case some individuals strongly feel that same sex partners can not provide the moral and psychological support required for raising children† (Goldberg, 2010). This is because such children would find it quite unusual when they realize that their parents have the same sex. This can really affect them psychologically (Goldberg, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Same-Sex Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gay marriages are understood as unnatural unions. â€Å"This premise influences other arguments and lies behind many negative opinions about homosexuality in general† (Acevado Wada, 2011). Since gay relationships are not normal, they should be reduced to social unions instead of being authenticated by the national leader s in a given country. This is because if such abnormal behaviors are allowed, they are likely to become very prevalent in our society in the near future. This may cause very many social problems. Marriage is also an important cultural symbol. â€Å"Apart from marriage being an institution, it is also a symbol representing our culture’s ideals about sex, sexuality, and human relationships† (Haider Joslyn, 2008). Symbols are very important because it is through them that we develop a sense of belonging to a given society or race. â€Å"Thus when the traditional nature of marriage is challenged in any way, so are people’s basic identities† (Haider Joslyn, 2008). It would also be difficult and expensive to integrate this people into the society. This is because people have to be taught to accept them. â€Å"Teaching people to become tolerant to gay individuals would be expensive† (Smith, 2010). Supporting Arguments Even though gay marriage is not sup ported by some people, I disagree with them because of the following arguments. Marriage enables people to have access to social and economic needs. â€Å"Studies repeatedly demonstrate that people who marry tend to be better off financially, emotionally, psychologically, and even medically† (Ronner, 2005). Therefore if gay couples are guaranteed the right to marry they will probably have the chance to benefit from being married. This will also be helpful to the gay communities at large. For example the gay couples would remain committed in helping each other because of the marriage vows. It would also be wrong for gay relationships to be treated as civil unions. This is because if the gay individuals can get married, they stand a better chance of enjoying several opportunities. This can not be the case if they are in civil unions. â€Å"Equality before the law means that creating civil unions for gays will lead to civil unions for every one else and this type of marriage wi ll be more of a threat than gay unions could possibly be† (Farrior, 2009). The stability of our society can be enhanced if gay individuals can be given a chance to marry. Even the people who oppose this relationship believe that the family is the basis of our society. Therefore, if more families are formed through gay marriages, we can have a great society. The family also dictates the general trend in the society. Marriage would also facilitate the integration of gay people into their communities. Accepting gay relationships will therefore enhance the strength of our communities.Advertising Looking for critical writing on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many children are leading poor lifestyles and they cannot even access the common basic needs. Destitute children can have a chance to lead a good life if they can be adopted by married gay individuals. This is because they can provide emotional and financial support to such children. This can only be possible if they can be allowed to get married and adopt children. Many people and groups are increasingly becoming conscious, and more concerned about the human rights. â€Å"Another argument that favors same sex marriages is that denying same sex couples legal access to marriage and all of its attendant benefits represents discrimination based on sexual orientation† (Dziengel, 2010). Many people and institutions promoting human rights concur with this assertion. People in same sex unions do not access the rights given to the married people. Gay couples have faced myriad challenges. Most of them have experienced psychological problems associated with verbal and physical abuse. F or example, some of them have been attacked and brutally killed. This is because many people are not wiling to be associated with them hence they always intimidate them. One way of eliminating this stigmatization is by simply making it legal for them to get married. It has also been noted with a lot of concern that HIV/AIDS is spreading among the gay people because they operate illegally. Marriage would make this people more faithful to their partners. This can reduce the chances of them contracting HIV/AIDS because they will be more responsible. Conclusion From the above argument it is very clear that many countries and individuals are increasingly accepting the fact that gay relationships are equally good. It is therefore important for people to stop being conservative only when it comes to marriage, yet they accept other serious changes that take place in their society. For example, if abortion can be legalized, why no not gay marriages? â€Å"Legalizing gay marriages will proba bly make the social economic and political institutions in our societies more effective† (Smith, 2010). This is because people will have similar goals, and they will not have differences based on sexual orientation. I am therefore optimistic that in the near future many people will support same sex relationships. References Acevado, G., Wada, R. (2011). Religion and attitudes toward same sex marriages among U.S. Latinos. Wiley -Blackwell Social Science Quarterly, 92, 35-56. Benard, S. (2009). Heterosexual previlage awareness, previlage and support of gay marriage among diversity course students. EBSCOhost Journal, 58, 3-7. Dziengel, L. (2010). Advocacy coalitions and punctuated equilibriam in the same sex marriage debate: learning from pro-LGBT policy changes in Minneapolis and Minnesota. Journal of Gay and Lesbian services, 22, 165-182. Farrior, S. (2009). Human rights advocacy on gender issues: challanges and opportunites. Oxford Journal of Human Rights Practice, 1, 83-100. Goldberg, A. (2010). Lesbian and gay parents and their children: research on the family life cycle. Claiming a place at the family table: gay and lesbian families in the 21st century, 72, 230-233. Haider, D., Joslyn, M. (2008). Belives about the origin of homosexuality and support for gay rights. Oxford Journals public Opinion Quarterly, 72, 291-310. Ronner, A. (2005). Homophobia and the law (law and public policy). New York: American Psychological Association. Smith, M. (2010). Gender politics and same sex marriage debate in the United States. Oxford Jourrnals Social Politics, 17, 1-28. This critical writing on Same-Sex Marriage was written and submitted by user Monica Miller to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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